ABAC

ABAC: Access model that determines permissions based on attributes related to the user, resource, action, and context. The term is relevant for the assessment and design of modern security architecturesSecurity ArchitectureThe structured design of security controls, trust boundaries, data flows, and operational responsibilities. and should be applied within the respective technical and organizational context.

How it works and where it fits

ABAC separates the subject, digital identity, authentication factor, and authorization decision. Authentication establishes who or what is presenting an identity; authorization then determines which action is permitted in the current context. Session state, device trust, request origin, and risk signals can further influence that decision.

Practical security relevance

Effective implementation requires a controlled identity lifecycle from creation through role and entitlement changes to suspension and removal. Strong authentication, least privilege, periodic recertification, and traceable logs are central. Controls must also identify abuse of legitimate accounts, because valid credentials alone do not prove that an action is legitimate.

Related concepts

• Access ControlAccess ControlGoverns who is permitted to access specific systems, data, or functions.: Governs who is permitted to access specific systems, data, or functions.
• AuthorizationAuthorizationDecision regarding which actions an authenticated identity is permitted to perform.: Decision regarding which actions an authenticated identity is permitted to perform.
• Role-Based Access ControlRole-Based Access ControlAssigns permissions based on defined organizational roles.: Assigns permissions based on defined organizational roles.
• Identity and Access ManagementIdentity and Access ManagementManages digital identities, roles, permissions, and access lifecycles.: Manages digital identities, roles, permissions, and access lifecycles.